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Reinsurance

Reinsurance is “the Insurance of an Insurance company”.

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Reinsurance is:

–A contract whereby one for a consideration agrees to indemnify another wholly or partially against loss or liability by risk the latter has assured under a separate   and distinct contract as insurer of a third party.

– The Insurance of an Insurance  company.

– The practice whereby insurers transfer portions of their risk portfolios to other parties by some form of agreement to reduce the likelihood of paying a large obligation resulting from an insurance claim.

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Objects of Reinsurance:

  • Spread of Risks
  • Capacity
  • Stabilization
  • Confidence
  • Catastrophe Protection:
  • Reinsurance Services:
Characteristics of Reinsurance
    1. Reinsurance is a contract between the two insurance companies.
    2. The original insurer agrees to transfer part of his risk to other insurance
      company on the same terms and conditions.
    3. The fundamental principles of insurance such as insurable interest, utmost
      good faith, indemnity, subrogation and proximate cause also apply to reinsurance.
    4. In the event of fire, the insured is entitled to get the amount of claim only
      from the original insurer and not from reinsurer.
    5. Original insurer cannot insure the risk with a reinsurer, more than the sum
      insured, originally by the insured.
    6. The original insurer should intimate to the reinsurer about the alteration, if
      any, made in terms and conditions with the insured.
Goals of Reinsurance

The cedant/reinsured’s net retained account would be protected:

    1. On a Single Risk by quota share and/or risk excess of loss;
    2. On an Aggregation of similar risks exposed to one insured peril (e.g. flood, earthquake, windstorm) by catastrophe excess of loss (property);
    3. On an accumulation of interests arising from a single loss event (e.g. a motor accident involving third party bodily injury, third party property damage, first party own damage to the insured’s vehicle, personal accident of the driver and passengers) by excess of loss (accident/liability/casualty);
    4. For small, attritional losses on the cedant/reinsured’s absolute net account by stop loss (or excess of loss)
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Types & Methods of Reinsurance :

Treaty and Facultative Insurance Reinsurance may be effected by two methods. The selection of these methods depends upon the practice of insurers and the scope of their resources. These methods are:
  1. Facultative Reinsurance
    2. This is the oldest method of reinsurance. This method is also known as “Specific reinsurance“. Under this method, each individual risk is submitted by the ceding insurer to the reinsurer who can accept or decline whatever sum they consider appropriate subject to the amount of their acceptance being approved by the ceding insurer. The reinsurer is offered a copy of proposal form which contains details of risk such as the sum assured, salient features of the risk, perils covered, rate of premium and period of insurance etc. The reinsurer will go through the contents of the proposal form thoroughly and decide whether to accept or reject the risks. If he decides to accept, he should specify the amount for which he would accept the reinsurance. In case, the risk is not fully accepted, the original insurer may again have to approach another insurer for the balance. Any alteration, in the terms and conditions made by the original insurer is to be intimated immediately to the reinsurers. The claim is to be settled according to the ratio of risk accepted by each insurer.
  2. Treaty Reinsurance
    3. Treaty reinsurance has been defined as: It is a legal agreement in writing / contract between the insurer and reinsurer whereby the reinsurer will accept automatically without further negotiations any cessions falling within the terms of the agreement. Thus, under this method, there is an agreement between the ceding company and the reinsurance company that amount of every risk over and above the retention shall automatically be transferred to the reinsurance company. As soon as the original insurer accepts the risk, the excess above the retention is automatically reinsured.
Tameen Guru Youtube Channel:
Presented various topics about Reinsurance as below:
  1. Introduction to Reinsurance : https://bit.ly/3kxMd3I
  2. Treaty Renewals – Features of the Reinsurance Hard Market and its impact on Insurance Companies: https://bit.ly/3osThQC
  3. Conclusions of the Treaty Reinsurance & Interlocking Clause application on Proportional Treaties : https://bit.ly/31J7SiT
  4. Application of Interlocking Clause on Excess of Loss Treaty : https://bit.ly/3oqKEWJ
  5. Methods of Reinsurance and Q/S Treaty application : https://bit.ly/3C8TYTT
  6. Surplus Treaty application and Treaty Balance : https://bit.ly/3kqN4Dm
  7. Combining Q/S & Surplus Treaties , Applications and Benefits and reasons for combination: https://bit.ly/3Hg4Enq
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